How does Toxoplasma gondii typically infect humans?

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite known for its ability to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans. The primary mode of transmission to humans occurs through the ingestion of oocysts, which are the infectious stage of the parasite. These oocysts are commonly found in the feces of infected cats, which serve as the definitive host for Toxoplasma gondii. When humans accidentally ingest oocysts from contaminated food, water, or surfaces, they can become infected.

This method of infection highlights the importance of practicing good hygiene, especially in handling food and environmental sanitation, as oocysts can survive in the environment for a prolonged period. Understanding this transmission route is crucial for preventing infection, particularly for vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women and individuals with weakened immune systems.